Silver is far from the most familiar element from which jewelry and accessories are made, but an important material in the creation of electronic devices. This metal, which is used in the industrial industry for the manufacture of devices and technical components, is called "technical".
Features
Technical silver is a substance that contains about twenty alloys. It has a number of features that distinguish it from other elements:
- quite high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity;
- solidity and resistance to destruction;
- elasticity and relative softness;
- ability to reflect light;
- static to inert reagents;
- low melting point.
It is these details that characterize demand for technical silver in various industries. Its physico-chemical properties, such as a long period of use and anticorrosion, form a wide range of applications.
Very often used in the following areas: medicine, aviation, mechanical engineering and electrical engineering.
In pawnshops, the price per gram of such metal will be about thirty rubles.
Structure
An important feature of technical silver is high level of purity of the alloy - 99.9%. Moreover, the amount of various impurities is equal to 0.1%. But it should be noted that, unlike jewelry silver, the main function of this metal is not aesthetics, but significance for the manufacture of radio engineering.
It is the purity of the metal that is the basis for good thermal and electrical conductivity, this makes this element significant in industry.
Considering this small percentage of impurities, we note Main components: nickel, copper, gold, etc. Most often on pure metal 999 sample but in the event that it contains more than 10% copper, the sample will already be 800. And with a high content, the metal may acquire a yellowish tint, but it becomes much stronger.
Sample 830 indicates that the impurities are 170 grams, and the remaining 830 grams are silver itself. Such metal is used mainly for decorative purposes (when creating various jewelry or accessories). This element is widely distributed in the manufacture of household utensils (silver glasses, goblets, spoons, forks, etc.).
It is characterized by a fairly high strength and resistance to all kinds of physical damage.
Silver with breakdown 875 It is a white alloy and is still not suitable for the manufacture of jewelry. Most often used in cases of bracelets and watches. In this metal, the amount of additives limits its susceptibility to any physical damage.
As you know, it’s silver 925 products Perfect for making jewelry. The composition of the metal includes silver and copper in the following proportions: 92.5% and 7.5%, respectively.
Well composition of technical silver is characterized by the highest metal purity and virtually no impurities. It is these details that are flexible and soft, which is why they are of great importance in the manufacture of electronic devices.
How to distinguish from jewelry?
- this metal "transparent", without numerous additivesdue to which, unlike the jewelry counterpart, it is capable of excellent heat and electrical conductivity, light reflection, which allows the production of parts for all kinds of equipment.
- a significant criterion is the sample. When creating various jewelry or accessories, high fineness does not fit in any way, since the main task of this element is to create durable, reliable products that will last you a long time. And the technical version, as noted above, is very soft and flexible.
- as we already know industrial silver contains only 0.1% additives, which means that to check whether it is present, you need knowledge of some key points. You can add vinegar to any part - an oxidation process should occur. Or a drop of iodine will help you, after which the metal will darken. This means that the product contains a high percentage of pure silver.
- And finally, despite the fact that the amount of impurities is quite low, still some elements distinguish this metal from jewelry. For example, nickel can cause an allergic reaction and itching. And earrings containing this substance can lead to more serious consequences.
The presence of lead threatens the appearance of headaches, paralysis, etc. In such silver, the composition is formed by copper and aluminum, it is they that make the metal flexible and soft, unsuitable for the manufacture of jewelry.
Thus, there are a number of key points that will help you distinguish technical silver from the material that serves as the basis for all kinds of jewelry and accessories.
Where is it contained?
Where is most technical silver? It is in modern devices, but in large volumes - only in Soviet equipment. All the precious metals that were contained in the details were in pure form. They were kept under strict control, since they were of great value.
Precious metal is in such devices and details known to us:
- photographic films and X-ray photographs;
- wires in the aviation industry and engineering;
- microcircuits, chips, contacts, plugs, sockets;
- cases of radio and electrical appliances, their details;
- batteries, switches, switches.
Where is it used?
Technical silver has a number of physicochemical characteristics that make it suitable for use in manufacturing radio equipment. As mentioned above, the level of impurities in the metal is almost zero, but to improve its utilization, nickel, copper, lead and so on are added. Widespread this element received in the production of solders.
The most famous copper / silver tandem is used to create all kinds of radio technical parts, equipment for electronic equipment, as well as for electrical explosive movable contacts.
In the event that the amount of silver dominates, then this strong and anti-corrosion compound. With a high copper content, it can undergo deformation and fracture. The alloy of palladium with technical metal significantly exceeds the above example. Due to the presence of sulfur in their compound characterized by corrosion resistance and less susceptibility to distortion.
How to get at home?
Do you want to clean silver from impurities with your own hands to get pure metal, but don’t know how to do it right? We will offer you an algorithm of actions to be followed.
It is advisable to determine in advance what impurities are contained in the composition of the metal (gold, nickel, palladium, copper, lead).
Since there is no such laboratory equipment at home, there are still other ways to isolate these additives.
- Necessary break the metal into the smallest pieces and then process with nitric acid. Be sure to adhere to safety rules when working with chemicals, ventilate the room so as not to get poisoning. Mixing the reagent with the metal is necessary step by step until complete dissolution. If you get a bluish tint as a result, this indicates that it contains copper.
- A substance like sodium sulfate will help you. determine the presence of lead in its composition. After the experiment, lead should precipitate.
- Copper can be detected using ammoniawhich will color it in a pronounced green color. It is important to note! To search for additives inside the precious metal, use new pieces every time to avoid all kinds of errors.
- Then we separate silver from copper. The resulting precipitate must be filtered to a dry consistency, and then fused. Thus, particles of silver will undergo the process of decomposition to metal, while the remaining elements will become oxides.
When using acetic acid, it is advisable to filter the remaining consistency and dissolve in a saline solution after piercing. If you follow the instructions carefully and work hard, you will achieve the result you need.
It is known that a well-refined precious metal is more expensive than classic scrap. Therefore, your work will be accurately appreciated. But keep in mind that This procedure is very difficult to give the first time, as it requires professional dexterity and skills.
In conclusion, we can say that technical silver is not the most common metal. It has a number of features that distinguish it from silver jewelry. Despite the fact that this element was very widely used in the manufacture of Soviet devices, it retains its popularity at the present time.
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