Classification and principles for determining personality psychotype

Each person has unique character traits that distinguish a person from the crowd of others. However, there are some small similarities in the behavior of a person and his attitude to life. It is precisely on these similarities that psychologists have been trying for more than a century to create a classification of the personality type and identify the principles of its determination.

In the modern world there are a large number of options for dividing individuals into different psychological types. The most common are theories of Carl Jung and Hippocrates. The first scientist divided all people into two main psychotypes.

• Introvert. Such a person is reluctant to make contact with the outside world, often immersed in his inner experiences.
• Extrovert. These people are open and sociable, they cannot be alone for a long time, as they prefer frequent stay in society.

Hippocrates created his own classification, which is currently one of the common theories. According to the definition of a specialist, there are 4 psycho-types.

• Sanguine. An optimistic person, able to easily adapt to a new team. Positive and does not like routine.
• Choleric. It is distinguished by impulsiveness, imbalance. The nature is passionate and extremely emotional, lacking perseverance.
• Phlegmatic person. Such people are calm and balanced, persistent and assiduous, and their emotions are stable. True, they are often slow in work.
• Melancholic. This psychotype is distinguished by vulnerability, excessive sensitivity, it is fearful and often worries even for nothing. Often sad and prefers loneliness, rather than noisy company.

It is impossible to attribute a person solely to any one psychotype, because everyone has character traits from different classifications. It’s just that some of them are more pronounced, while others only in some situations, or not so pronounced.

It is important to know what kind of psychotype a person has, because it becomes possible to correct some of the traits that interfere with relationships with loved ones, colleagues, or in life in general. Self-knowledge will help to quickly and successfully implement in a certain field of activity, adapt in society.

Currently, there are a large number of options for classifying all individuals into specific psychotypes, because each scientist identifies his own distribution criteria. All of them are quite subjective, but have a right to exist. The German specialist Karl Leonhard offers his classification and ways to determine his personality type.

• Hypertensive. This type includes people who are active, energetic, sociable, they like to be in the center of attention and cannot stand the routine, loneliness, but do not want to listen to the opinions of others, obey them.
• Disty. The absolute opposite of the first type: these are shy and slow people, sometimes pessimistic, do not like conflict situations, are friends with only a few, and obey only those who are trusted.
• Excitable. Extremely irritable individuals with whom to enter into a dispute or start a conflict are a matter of time. It would seem that now a person is calm and positive, when suddenly everything starts to annoy him terribly, he is supposedly underestimated and not respected, so you need to find out what is the reason.

• Stuck. It may include individuals who are constantly offended with or without, suspect someone of something, and like to teach other people. They often say about such people - "he is always dissatisfied with something."
• Cycloid. It is difficult for such people to determine their personality type, since the mood in this person is very changeable. If positive thoughts ripen in the head at this time, then a person is sociable and non-conflict, but when you change your mood, he becomes closed, it’s hard to make contact, it’s better not to provoke him into a conflict.
• Pedantic. Concreteness, building a plan, strict adherence to all points - a description of this type. They like everything to be right, so they make many demands on others.
• Disturbing. It is easy to determine your psychotype in this case - individuals are shy, uninitiated, afraid to make a decision. Without the help of another person, it is very difficult for them to act in difficult situations.

• Emotive. Vulnerable, compassionate, subtle and impressionable natures. In communicating with them, you should carefully select the words, but these are very reliable people, because they are very responsible.
• Demonstrative. The main thing for this psychotype is power. I constantly want to be in the center of attention and always be a leader, so spreading rumors and weaving intrigues is a frequent activity.
• Exalted. Such people live with emotions, feelings, feelings. Creative and amorous natures, react violently even to trifles. The mood is changeable.

The Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung created the first classification of human psychotypes. On the basis of his works, one of the modern sciences about the personality was developed - socionics. This direction studies the interaction of personality and the world, based on the theory of psychology, sociology, computer science. A total of 8 psychological types are noted. Socionics goes further and defines 16, which are based on two main ones - extraverts, introverts.

Extroverts are defined by several psychological types.

• Logical and intuitive. A person knows exactly what he needs, easily embarks on new things, can take a chance, but deeply appreciates what is happening around.
• Logic-touch. Always completes the work begun, practical, sociable, shows concern for loved ones, but can be sharp and stubborn.
• Ethical and intuitive. The person is very emotional and can predict upcoming events, having prepared in advance for them.
• Ethical Touch. It has the ability to exert emotional influence on people, and for the sake of another person can sacrifice its interests.
• Intuitive logic. Such a person is quickly tired of the monotony, in his head there are a lot of new ideas, which are then easily realized.
• Sensory-logical. Victory is what is important for this person, even if it needs to be gained by force. Will not obey others, but to lead is a favorite pastime.
• Intuitive and ethical. Thinly feels other people, so she can give practical advice, support and reassure.
• Sensory-ethical. The real person is not well known to anyone, because for others such a person is trying to seem extraordinary. Knowing the weaknesses of his environment, he can use them for manipulation.

Among introverts, a number of psychotypes are distinguished.

• Logical and intuitive. He loves to communicate in fact, and does not tolerate empty chatter. He finds answers to questions by reflection, and if this does not work out, he begins to use intuition.
• Logic-touch. Pedantic, loves order and severity in everything, looks at all things in life realistically.
• Ethical and intuitive. This type of personality has the qualities of an educator. Vulnerable, empathic, can give good advice.
• Ethical Touch. In relation to other people, he keeps a psychological distance and divides everyone into “his” and “not his”. He can stand not only for himself, but also for his relatives.

• Intuitive logic. He does not like to take risks, makes decisions with caution, values ​​comfort, and does not like emotional outbursts.
• Sensory-logical. He does all the work on time, he knows the world around him through his feelings, repels falsehood from himself.
• Intuitive and ethical. It knows how to win people over, because it feels them on an intuitive level. He devotes a lot of time to his appearance and rest.
• Sensory-ethical. This person loves to care from others, does not enter into conflicts and does not suffer from routine work or monotony in life.

The technique of John Holland is necessary so that you can easily and quickly determine your abilities in the professional field. There are several psychotypes.

• Realistic. Suitable professions that require agility, activity, work with specific objects. They will find themselves in the economic field, in work related to chemistry, physics.
• Intellectual. Often such people devote themselves to science. By nature, in most cases they are introverts. Their judgments are original and independent due to their analytical mindset.
• Social. Extroverts who strive for leadership, a constant presence in society.Because of their tendency to teach others, professions in the fields of medicine, pedagogy, and psychology are suitable.

• Conventional. They prefer work on a knurled scheme, an algorithm, they are not afraid of routine. Feel great at the workplace of the financier, accountant, merchandiser and so on.
• Enterprising. The main feature is the desire for leadership, therefore professions are needed so that you can demonstrate your status and manage other people. Great options will be the posts of a diplomat, reporter, cooperator, manager.
• Artistic. Intuition and imagination, a creative approach to the situation is what such a person relies on in his work. They feel great in the field of the humanities: history, philosophy, linguistics, art.

Another Oldham-Maurice specialist proposed to science his own version of determining the psychological type of personality.

• Conscientious. In the work he devotes time to details, tries to understand which solution will be right, and only then begins to act. Always achieves goals, as he stubbornly follows them. However, an excessive desire for excellence and workaholism can harm the person himself.
• Overconfident. Ambitious, confident, competitive personalities who often achieve career success. But excessive self-confidence and self-conceit, the requirement of constant praise can turn away others from themselves.
• Devotee. Such a person always obeys the leadership, the opinions of others, polite and considerate with others, but without their advice he cannot make a decision on his own, which often interferes with his own life.
• Dramatic. An emotional person who likes to be in the center of events, share news, interesting stories, and also be attractive in appearance. The disadvantages include excessive dramatization of the situation and the desire to be the center of the universe.

• Vigilant. Cautious and independent people who easily make any decisions on their own. However, they are very suspicious, and they can see a trick in everything.
• Sensitive. It is important for such psychotypes to be in an environment familiar to them, without much change. They are polite and careful, not everyone can open and trust.
• Adventurous. He is not very concerned about others, he always takes any risk, because he is full of courage and determination. True, they can be too impulsive and often deceive for their own benefit.
• Hermit. Single people who do not need company and communication. Indifferent to almost everything.

• Altruistic. They love to be caring, submissive, often make sacrifices, contrary to their interests.
• Aggressive. Purposeful, persistent and persistent personalities. They like to take responsibility, are not afraid of hard work, but are too demanding and cruel.
• Serious. They look at things soberly, really assess the situation and act only after certain reflections. Self-criticism and low self-esteem interfere in life.

In the modern world, whole directions have been created for the disclosure of the human psychotype. For example, astrology: thanks to horoscopes and zodiac signs, you can determine the positive and negative aspects of a child’s character by date of birth, because he still cannot prove himself in a work or team due to his age.

It is also easy to determine the psychological type of personality using observations of some details. It is easy to recognize the character by appearance if you pay attention to some nuances.

• Eyes. Deep-seated talk about greedy and envious nature, wide open - about a dreamy person, and small - about curiosity.
• Nose. Owners of a strictly character are long and sharp, slightly upturned belongs to capricious and frivolous people, wide can speak of rudeness.
• Mouth and lips. A small mouth indicates a weak character, a narrow one indicates secrecy. If the upper lip is larger, the person is selfish, and if the lower lip is purposeful.

You can determine the character by your favorite color:

• red is preferred by active, purposeful and courageous personalities, but quick-tempered and passionate;
• yellow is liked by reliable, balanced people with a creative approach to resolving issues;
• green indicates generosity, kindness, as well as directness and perseverance in achieving goals;
• blue - the color of calm, modesty, responsibility and goodwill;
• white is preferred by responsible and organized people;
• black is the color of rebellion, therefore such a person is always ready for struggle and passion in his life.

See more about personality types in the next video.