All about professions related to physics

Some time ago, it seemed that "business and jurisprudence is everything." But now it’s clear that this is absolutely not the case - traditional specializations are no less relevant than work in the field of design, trade, journalism or politics. Therefore, when thinking about a future career, you should know everything about professions related to physics.

This science studies the most general, most fundamental aspects of the structure of the world around us. And in a sense, there are simply no areas of activity that would not concern it in any way. And yet, they single out a certain circle of professions related to physics in the first place. First of all, these are all specializations in which you have to operate with complex equipment. Even repairing water pipes or building houses is unthinkable without deep physical knowledge.

Of course, in all such areas, mindfulness and curiosity are important. These qualities are directly interconnected. Inattentive work with modern technology not only lowers the overall effect - it is extremely dangerous.

Interesting professional areas related to physics also apply to them, because comprehension of the surrounding world and the application of the knowledge gained cannot be considered a purely male prerogative. And yet, the most common version of the “physical” profession for a girl is teaching in a school, secondary special or even higher education institution. This is a very important and relevant activity, laying the foundation that will serve the development of the same science in the future.

However, you can try yourself in direct creation of the future, that is, in research work. Given the talent and due perseverance, one can even relate one's life to quantum mechanics and other (especially complex) areas of the leading edge of modern science. But for those who want to show a humanistic attitude, it makes sense to become medical physicists. The design of equipment and its individual units, the analysis of medical effects from various phenomena and processes of nature is very important.

But physical training, as well as mathematical training, is also needed by those who are interested in computer science.. Programming and virtual modeling of various technological processes, the operation of equipment, construction technologies, and constructions is unthinkable without a clear idea of ​​how it all works. But even with the help of computers design:

• various types of transport;

• communication and control systems;

• emergency facilities;

• signaling;

• ventilation circuits;

• Acustic systems.

Even the best programmers, not knowing the real world, are unlikely to be able to correctly create elements of computer games (smoke, flight of an abandoned object, changing the nature of sound in various situations, the consequences of touching objects, and so on). But more than one programmer needs physics, of course. The creators of computer hardware, individual microcircuits, and control devices also cannot take a step without it.

It is immediately worth mentioning that such a separation is largely arbitrary. And with due diligence, it can be easily overcome. But it’s still useful to illuminate the list of more “male” demanded professions related to physics. First of all, this is the post of radiophysicist. Such specialists study waves and vibrations of an electromagnetic nature. They are actively involved in work on radio equipment and other devices using electromagnetic signals.

This is about:

• broadcasting and television broadcasts;

• cellular communication systems;

• special service radio transmitters;

• scanners and detectors;

• radio-controlled devices;

• radars;

• radio telescopes.

But describing various physical specializations, it is necessary to mention specialists in the field of thermal physics. They not only study abstract thermal phenomena - thermophysical approaches and methods are important:

• when creating various internal and external combustion engines;

• in the calculation of heating, air conditioning and ventilation systems;

• for rational heat removal from various objects;

• for the design of thermal protection and thermal insulation.

A huge role in the modern world is played by a physicist with the addition of "mechanic". This professional helps develop new engines and vehicles. It solves the problem of how to reduce the resistance of the medium during movement and thereby save fuel or electricity. Many mechanical physicists work in large firms, in design and engineering organizations, industry research institutes. But promising are specialists in the field of nuclear physics.

And that's why such professionals are unlikely to remain without work, especially since they can also do theoretical research, creating safer and more effective methods of using intra-atomic energy.Or a more powerful and effective weapon - which also requires a rigorous study of physical processes. But physicists cannot do without the creation of non-nuclear weapons.

The fall of an aircraft bomb, the flight of a rocket or shell, a shot from a personal weapon, suppressing the enemy’s radio communications and overcoming obstacles, increasing defense on the battlefield, and much more, are areas in which science experts can easily “turn around”. However, in peace days, explosions and shots are constantly booming. Professionals who know physics are needed to:

• hunting and sporting weapons reached their goal;

• explosive demolition of buildings was controlled;

• mining was more efficient;

• explosion welding, compacting of powders, creation of new substances with controlled properties were carried out properly;

• more efficient sapper equipment appeared;

• traces of weapons were identified, parameters of explosive devices were determined, and so on.

Take for example architects. Those can design a very beautiful apartment building, a huge theater or stadium, bridges and entire urban areas. However, without taking into account strength indicators and load distribution, heat distribution and air movement, level of insolation, acoustic properties of materials, their susceptibility to vibration, all plans will remain on paper. Or mistakes will be very expensive, sometimes even provoke sacrifices and destruction.

Cargo for the construction, which was planned by the architect, delivered by truck, train and ship. But no matter what type of transport is used, only those people who thoroughly know the physical laws in their field can make it, organize traffic and directly manage traffic. Therefore, they should be studied by everyone who seeks to become drivers, engine drivers, captains, car mechanics, and ship mechanics. And for pilots and astronauts, for air traffic controllers, this is a matter of paramount importance. Physics, however, is closely related to geography, geology, and ecology.

The movement of rivers and sea currents, the raising of mountains and the properties of swamps, the formation and disappearance of glaciers, the change in relief over time - all this cannot be explained if physical knowledge is not involved. Without them, it also won’t work:

• determine the likely location of minerals;

• find groundwater;

• understand the weather and climate processes;

• to investigate qualitatively caves and volcanoes, earthquakes and factors of movement of various substances in the natural environment;

• explain the properties of soil horizons;

• make maps and plans of the area.

Physics should also be taught to those who are passionate about biology. Any living organism is inconceivable without external and internal movement, without thermal processes, without the perception of light, acoustic signals and other sensations. Digestion and blood movement, the functioning of cell walls and barriers to various substances, respiration and nerve impulses - all this is intimately intertwined with physics. And living organisms are affected by light and sound, heat and air currents, many other environmental factors. Even photosynthesis is a very complex physical and chemical process, in the study and reproduction of which more than one generation of specialists will have time to notice.

Moreover, it is worth mentioning:

• various membranes;

• molecular level of functioning of the body;

• the use of physical methods in biological research;

• the creation of all devices and apparatuses (the same microscopes and optical glasses) based on knowledge of the laws of the inanimate world.

It’s enough to recall that the most important component of everyday life and the functioning of entire countries is the economic, manufacturing sector. And in it, in turn, there is no escape from physical laws. An integral part of social science is anthropology, that is, the study of human development in natural and cultural environments.

Both, as already mentioned, cannot be described and realized properly without an idea of ​​physical laws. A futurologist who predicts the probable future achievements of humanity cannot be ignored by the limitations that nature itself imposes. It is impossible for him to do without an idea of ​​what the scientific and technical sphere has already achieved and what experts are working on in it for the near future. But the described areas, of course, are not limited to. So, the physicist plays a colossal role in forensic practice.

On its basis:

• they study edged weapons, improvised instruments of crime and their traces;

• understand the origin, sequence and prescription of various injuries in humans and animals;

• examine material evidence;

• identify substances and materials, various objects, compare their probable parts;

• detect invisible inscriptions;

• restore broken numbers;

• reconstruct the picture of an accident;

• find signs of falsification of documents, hidden traces;

• set the type of hacking tools;

• determine the characteristics of intruders in their wake and so on.

Of course not only the experts themselves, but also investigators, operatives, prosecutors, lawyers, and judges should have at least a general idea of ​​all this. It is important to understand what is realistic and what the forensic scientist cannot do, how to correctly formulate the task. But even going to completely different spheres, we will inevitably discover physics again. Take at least a kitchen - home or professional, it does not matter. It uses a large number of sophisticated equipment and devices.

The very process of cooking, and even the storage of ready meals, raw materials and semi-finished products - at every step, they discover certain physical effects and patterns. Gas combustion, heating with electricity, cooling of food and dishes in refrigerators and freezers are again from the field of physics. Therefore, designers of stoves, furnaces, freezers need it. But not only to designers, but also to repairmen, installers. If you take absolutely any device that is manufactured in series, then it is checked and the characteristics are established primarily by metrologists.

And these specialists cannot do without knowledge of the objective laws of the real world. Metrologists determine the accuracy of:

• speedometers;

• echo sounders;

• current counters;

• ATMs and industrial sewing machines.

Also metrologists:

• set up measuring equipment;

• determine its accuracy according to established criteria after prolonged use;

• conclude that the possibility of using technology in the future.

But in such an advanced and increasingly popular field as drone control, you can not do without physics again. Moreover, it is necessary not only to present certain patterns of flight. We'll have to think spatially and take into account a lot of parameters that affect the efficiency of the device. The older profession, the driller, again requires an understanding of how the drilling object (earth layers) is structured in all its details. And - as the equipment will lead.

Training in the technical field is carried out by many higher educational institutions. But the best of the best teachers in our country are busy - predictably - at the departments of Moscow State University. The most attractive departments there are:

• fundamental mathematics and mechanics;

• Applied Mathematics and Physics;

• physics.

Accordingly, one must go there after the 11th grade. And mainly to those who decide to become scientists in the field of natural sciences. Very good physical and technical training lead to:

• MSTU;

• NSTU;

• SPbSU;

• MIPT;

• MEPhI;

• Tomsk Polytechnic University;

• Kazan Federal University;

• ITMO;

• Gubkin University;

• MAI;

• MISiS;

• Far Eastern University;

• MPEI;

• SUSU;

• TUSUR;

• Stankine;

• Samara University named after Korolev.

When planning to take exams at the physics department, you should take into account the current requirements of each particular faculty. It is also worth considering that they change almost every year. Therefore, it is important to know the latest information and focus on the ratings of educational institutions.

As it is easy to understand from the previous information, physics-oriented people can work in fairly high-paying positions. They are expected in almost any industry. Engineering specialists are mainly engaged in industry and transport. But physics lovers can also choose for themselves:

• construction;

• power engineering;

• design;

• transport sector;

• expert work;

• employment in the scientific and educational field;

• fuel and energy complex.

About career guidance physicist, see the video below.