The process of conducting blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids

Unfortunately, signs of aging primarily appear on the face, namely around the eyes. The skin of the eyelids is very thin and delicate, so it is prone to sagging and the formation of bags under the eyes. The reasons for this can be various - the wrong lifestyle, bad habits, hard work, constant lack of sleep, weather conditions, as well as the adverse environmental situation in the city. A cream around the eyes will not be enough to solve this problem, the help of a plastic surgeon is needed here.

Plastic surgery of the lower eyelids, or lower blepharoplasty, is an operation that removes excess skin around the eyelids and adipose tissue in place of the bags, tightens the muscles around the eyes. The operation helps to restore the natural look, not burdened by the influx of skin, to change the contour and size of the eyelids, to adjust the position of the lacrimal gland and raise the corners of the eyes.

Each type of operation has its own characteristics, so only a doctor should select it for a particular patient.

This method of blepharoplasty is considered the safest and most sparing. An incision is made on the skin of the eyelid, but an incision is made on the conjunctiva. Basically, this method is used to remove excess body fat under the eyes. It is only suitable for patients of a young age, when the skin still has sufficient elasticity.

Transconjunctival blepharoplasty has a number of significant advantages. For surgery, general anesthesia is not required, local use is sufficient. In this way, many side effects associated with systemic anesthesia can be avoided, so rehabilitation after surgery will be faster and easier. The procedure is quick enough and takes a maximum of an hour in time. Such manipulation leaves no visible traces, so the patient can go home immediately after the procedure and undergo postoperative rehabilitation there.

In the traditional correction method, an incision is made along the eyelash growth line. Through the incision, in accordance with the improved fat-preserving technique, subcutaneous fat is not excised, but redistributed to serve as a natural filler and to form the infraorbital cavities. If there is excessively sagging skin, it is removed, muscle tissue is tightened, then a cosmetic suture with a bandage is applied.

Laser blepharoplasty is considered a relatively new method of plastic surgery. The surgeon, using a laser beam, and not with a scalpel, makes an incision in the eyelid tissue, which significantly reduces the risk of damage to the eyeballs and cornea. At the same time, the laser scalpel has a soldering effect on small vessels, so the operation is bloodless. The risk of postoperative edema and hematomas is reduced, and the postoperative rehabilitation of patients is reduced.

If the laser technique is used in conjunction with the transconjunctival method, then the incision along the conjunctiva is carried out by the laser, and the suture after surgery is not superimposed. The mucous membrane of the eye has a high healing ability, so the plastic surgery performed when these two methods are combined is seamless. The patient can return to daily life almost immediately after surgery.

This method of blepharoplasty refers to non-surgical, because the doctor does not make an incision and does not stitch. Under the skin of the lower eyelid using a syringe or cannula, special substances are introduced - fillers. They include hyaluronic acid or biometric peptides. Hyaluronic acid to a greater extent has a filling effect, allows you to simulate the surface of the skin and fill in wrinkles. Peptides can have a fat-splitting effect, relieve swelling and stimulate the production of collagen and hyaluron. The injection method is used to even out the relief of the skin, fill in the dips under the eyes and remove the bags.

Indications for the procedure are different.

They are of a medical and aesthetic nature, namely:

1. the presence of bags under the eyes and excessively stretched skin;
2. shallow and deep facial wrinkles;
3. age-related and congenital omissions of the outer corner of the eye;
4. excess fat under the eyes;
5. various defects of the skin of the lower eyelid, both congenital and acquired;
6. asymmetry of the eyes;
7. thinning and sagging skin;
8. desire to change the eye shape to give the skin a more youthful appearance.

Unfortunately, the procedure cannot be called completely harmless.

Like all operations, plastic surgery of the lower eyelid is limited by many contraindications:

• pregnancy and lactation;
• oncology;
• immune system diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis;
• hypertension;
• infectious diseases in the acute stage;
• conjunctivitis and inflammation of the eye and eyelids;
• violation of the thyroid gland;
• dry eye syndrome;
• increased eye pressure;
• bleeding disorder;
• diabetes mellitus of any type;
• renal failure.

After the patient has completed all the preparatory procedures, tests, contraindications, the doctor sets the date for blepharoplasty. A week before the operation, it is necessary to exclude the use of alcohol and potent drugs, not to expose the body to heavy physical exertion.

Right before the operation, the doctor conducts a follow-up examination, then the patient is sent to a hospital. Blepharoplasty is usually performed under general anesthesia. The exception is the injection method - it uses local anesthetics - creams with an anesthetic effect.

The surgeon marks the dashed line with a dashed line, makes an incision directly under the lower eyelashes. Then, according to indications, removes or redistributes excess fatty tissue, if necessary, removes stretched or sagging skin, then the incision is sutured.

Blepharoplasty compared with other cosmetic surgeries is considered quite a serious surgical intervention, so you need to know in advance and be prepared for postoperative consequences.

Some time after the operation, complications appear that can be considered the norm - swelling and redness around the eyes. These phenomena disappear on their own, without outside interference, within a few days. If the swelling persists longer, then you need to seek medical help.

Immediately after the operation, there may be a feeling of blurred eyes, a sensation of a foreign body, double vision. Headache and nausea may appear.

If a large vessel was damaged during surgery, bleeding begins. Blood may accumulate under the eye or behind the eyeball. If it has accumulated under the lower eyelid, then a puncture is performed. Its accumulation behind the eyeball is called a transbulbar hematoma. This complication is considered serious and requires additional medical procedures and subsequent follow-up by an ophthalmologist.

Another complication that appears in the near future after surgery is an eversion of the lower eyelids. In this situation, the lower edge of the eyelids is turned upside down, because of this, the eye cannot fully close. This can cause excessive dry eyes and the development of inflammatory diseases.

Sometimes complications appear later, during or after the rehabilitation period.

The following problems are related to late complications.

• Disruption of the lacrimal glands. This leads to increased lacrimation due to narrowing of the lacrimal tubules or their displacement. The problem may resolve itself as the swelling subsides or require medical intervention.
• Seam divergence may occur due to the fault of the surgeon in case of improper suturing or due to the fault of the patient in case of accidental injury or failure to follow rehabilitation recommendations. When using threads that resolve themselves, the possibility of this complication increases. It is necessary to re-suture, previously sanitizing the wound area.
• Hot eye syndrome»Manifests itself in insufficient moisture and drying of the eyeball due to an incompletely closed eyelid. The patient feels heat and dryness in the eyeballs. It is necessary to conduct a second operation and the appointment of tear-replacement drugs.
• Seam line seals. Cysts are formed if, after surgery, the surgeon left an extra epithelium during suturing. Usually the cyst resolves itself after a couple of months, but sometimes this complication may require surgical intervention.

• The upper eyelid may fall and hang over the eye. The medical term for this complication is blepharoptosis. It occurs mainly in elderly patients or with damage to the muscles that support the upper eyelids. If the omission of the upper eyelid occurred due to edema or hematoma, then this does not require surgery, the complication will go along with the reduction of edema and elimination of hemorrhage.
• Asymmetry of the eyelids leads to a change in the palpebral fissure. The reason for this may be improper scarring or poor-quality postoperative sutures. In this case, a second operation is required to correct the asymmetry of the eyes.
• The appearance of scars. Like any operation, blepharoplasty does not exclude the appearance of scars and scars in the healing process.

For several hours after the operation, the patient is in the hospital under the supervision of doctors to exclude the risk of complications.

All rehabilitation can take up to three weeks. At first, the seam must be covered with a sterile adhesive. For several days when washing, do not touch the area around the eyes. Decorative cosmetics can be used only after complete healing of the suture and with the permission of the doctor. You can not visit the sauna and pool to avoid infection and inflammation of the suture area.

A few days after blepharoplasty, the doctor removes the sutures and conducts a postoperative examination. At this stage, puffiness still persists, there may be hematomas that resolve themselves over time.

In order to avoid complications, you need to follow simple recommendations: for speedy recovery, it is not recommended to drink alcohol, play sports, lift weights and strain. It is undesirable to strain your eyes, watch TV and read. It is necessary to protect at least the first weeks after surgery the area around the eyes from direct sunlight with sunglasses.

See more about blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids in the next video.