Facial cleansing: varieties and technology

Today, residents of both large cities and small industrial towns have to pay special attention to the condition of their skin. City dust and exhaust fumes, toxins and daily make-up - all this gradually accumulates in the pores, preventing the person from “breathing”, and leads to the appearance of various micro-inflammations and black spots. Cleansing is one of the most important procedures, which is part of the complex of skin care for the face and body. However, ordinary daily washing is not able to solve these problems, more drastic measures are required, for example, facial cleansing.

The condition of the skin largely depends on both the internal state of the body and external influences.

Many factors negatively affect her appearance and health.

• Stress. During stress in the body, the functioning of the immune, vascular, endocrine and nervous systems changes, which can lead to various rashes on the face and body. Weakened immunity will not be able to cope with various allergic reactions and chronic dermatoses.
• Lack of sleep. Systematic lack of sleep is not only fraught with the appearance of deep wrinkles and circles under the eyes. The lack of restful sleep for 7-9 hours every day after just a few days leads to thinning of the skin and the appearance of a gray earthy hue. Before you go to an appointment with a cosmetologist, you need to normalize your sleep regimen so that the procedure is not wasted.
• Various gases, dirt and dust penetrating the pores. Even in nature, the skin is exposed to various harmful substances, and even in gassed cities with a myriad of dust particles flying in each office building, by the end of the day the skin is covered with a real dust mask. This clogging of the pores leads to the appearance of black spots, to various inflammations and allergies. Subcutaneous inflammation appears, which is not recommended to open independently.

• Bad habits. Cigarette smoke, cocktails with alcohol, a light “high” - all this does not immediately affect the skin and has a cumulative effect. But not only cigarettes, alcohol and drugs undermine health and lead to big problems of the external and internal state of the human body, but also various habits. For example, the habit of going to bed with makeup on, the habit of touching your face with unwashed hands, or the habit of drinking a few cups of coffee a day, which very dry the skin. Carried out cleaning will not get rid of problems for life, if beautiful and healthy skin is a priority, you will have to reconsider your lifestyle.
• Improper nutrition. The condition of the skin is a reflection of the internal processes of the body. Excess weight or a sick stomach is a guaranteed appearance of various rashes and redness of the upper layer of the epidermis. Eating a variety of fast food and carbonated drinks with a high sugar content leads to greasy blockages and subcutaneous inflammation.

In order to cope with all these influences, the skin forms a light film on its surface that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Failures during stress or illness, the influence of cigarette smoke or exhaust gases can disrupt the integrity of such a film, as a result of its damage, microinflammation is formed. You can cope with this problem both at home, although it is quite difficult, and resorting to the help of professionals from the salon.

Carrying out facial cleansing has both its advantages and disadvantages.

From the pros, the following can be distinguished.

• Ease of planning. A cosmetologist, even with little experience, will be able to assess the condition of the skin and draw up a certain schedule of necessary procedures. Their frequency depends not only on the amount of inflammation and elasticity of the skin, but also on its type. Owners of oily skin, such procedures can be performed once every three weeks or even once a month. Normal skin needs less frequent cleaning: once every 1-2 months will be enough. Women with very dry skin and older ladies are not recommended at all for salon procedures, enough home care.
• The procedure is painless. Unlike manual cleaning with various hard scrubs and brushes, hardware cleaning almost eliminates micro-damage. Depending on individual characteristics, the client may not feel very pleasant sensations, or maybe, in general, feel nothing, but there will definitely not be pain. Home procedures can cause injuries and microscars that remain on the face after excessive pressure on the skin.

• Low cost. Today, hardware cosmetology is no longer a privilege of foreign stars. In any small city you can find several salons that offer face cleaning among their services. The average price tag of one procedure is from 2000 to 3000 rubles. Depending on how often you need to do the procedure, you can calculate the approximate monthly cost. Deep cleansing is more expensive, but it lasts for a period of one to several months, which will also help to save.
• Wide selection.The existence of a large number of different procedures allows you to choose exactly the method that will give the perfect result for each individual case. The selection of the procedure is carried out depending on the type and condition of the skin, gender, age, weight and the presence or absence of contraindications. A class specialist will never prescribe chemical peeling on sensitive skin or vacuum cleansing for a patient with diseased vessels.

Unfortunately, the effect of such a difficult procedure does not always coincide with the expectation Like any cosmetic procedure, hardware facial cleansing has its drawbacks.

• An impressive list of contraindications. This procedure is prohibited for women during pregnancy and suffering from various dermatological diseases. The procedure is not recommended for minors, people with reduced immunity and with individual intolerance to drugs. For some time before the procedure itself, visits to baths and the use of cosmetics are limited.
• Long recovery. After aggressive peeling, unaesthetic red spots may appear on the face, the face can completely take on a crimson hue. In severe cases, minor inflammation may appear. It is advisable to protect the skin from any effects for at least 5-7 days after the procedure. It is not worth planning important meetings and events for this period, it is best to stay at home for some time.

• Unpredictable result. It helps not in one procedure, but may not help at all. In one case, the master may be unprofessional, in another, the individual characteristics of the patient will affect. Cleaning will not get rid of the old traces left from acne, and will not clean the deep pollution in one procedure. If the lifestyle includes the use of various harmful substances, constant stress and lack of sleep, then even regular procedures will not help return the skin to a healthy and flowering appearance.

With the development of science and medicine, technologies in the field of cosmetic care have stepped far forward. Various methods of facial cleansing allow you to find a solution to the problems of any patient individually, choosing this particular procedure that is suitable specifically for him. Depending on the method of exposure to the skin, manipulations are of the following types.

One of the easiest and most popular ways to clean your face, which is most often used independently at home. The essence of such hygienic cleaning is that the pimple is squeezed from the surface of the skin, and the inflamed area is then disinfected. Pressure on the skin is carried out using special devices, as well as the usual corner of a napkin or fingertips.

In order to avoid infections and scars, it is better not to carry out such cleaning yourself, but to trust professionals. The specialist works with gloves and thoroughly sterilizes all devices. There is daily cleaning in the room, there are no animals and plants. The surface of the face is disinfected with a special tool, and pressure on the skin is carried out with a certain tool that will not injure or scratch it. After the procedure, the cosmetologist will apply nourishing and soothing creams to the patient's face, which will reduce the recovery time by several times.

One of the latest services in modern cosmetology is a type of mechanical impact such as diamond peeling. The skin is sanded with a special tool coated with diamond dust. This allows you to remove only the upper dead layer of cells, without touching healthy areas of the skin.

With this method, you can cleanse the skin only from superficial impurities and acne without inflammatory processes. Vacuum cleansing gently affects the epidermis, evens and refreshes the tone of the face, but is not intended to deal with serious problems. This is a painless procedure without unpleasant consequences, but is not recommended for hypersensitive and dry skin. The device, as it were, “sucks” a part of the skin into itself, drawing dirt and grease plugs out of it.

Such cleaning requires a special apparatus that emits ultrasound waves. It heats damaged skin areas and increases the rate of regeneration of new cells instead of dead cells. The method is great for removing blackheads and narrowing pores, and also prevents their early appearance. The face after the procedure looks refreshed and healthy.

The technique is based on the use of a laser beam that destroys the dead skin and removes pollution. The specialist holds a nozzle over his face, which affects the skin area with flashes of a certain frequency, which is set depending on the condition of the skin. After such a cleansing, the face looks younger and rested. In addition to the cleansing effect, this effect helps to cope with the problem of unwanted facial hair.

Facial cleansing is carried out with a special tool, which includes aggressive acids. They corrode the upper layer of fat and dead cells, allowing you to remove the foci of inflammation with them. It is strongly not recommended to conduct such a procedure on their own, as this can lead to severe burns and even scars. At the same time, the procedure performed by the cosmetologist in the salon will help to remove even shallow wrinkles and scars from old pimples.

One type of dry facial cleansing is fruit peeling. The acid contained in apples or lemons gently removes keratinized skin and gives a lifting effect. In addition to fruits, for the chemical effect on the epidermis, you can use not only fruits and vegetables, but also dairy products, wines, and even the allocation of special snails that eat grape leaves. Such snails not only secrete acid, but also massage various parts of the face, crawling from place to place.

Disinfection is the effect on the skin with the help of a current, the strength of which is only 0.6-1.5 mA. Before starting the procedure, it is necessary to cleanse the skin with special acid-containing agents that dissolve the protective fat coating and allow the current to act on the deep layers of the epidermis. Such procedures should be carried out only by a specialist and only after a preliminary examination.

One of the innovations in cosmetology is a procedure called “borsage”. It is carried out using a special device, whose nozzles remove the keratinized layer of the skin, while performing a massage. At its end, the nozzle has a small brush with hard bristles that rotates quickly clockwise or counterclockwise. The circular rotation of the nozzles helps to narrow the pores, reduce age spots and reduce inflammation.In addition, a scrub with very small particles can be applied to the face, it will help deeply cleanse and moisturize even the deepest pores.

Cleaning is carried out with liquid nitrogen, which not only cleanses, but also heals the skin, tightens blood vessels and pores. Liquid nitrogen itself has neither color nor odor and reaches a temperature of -195 degrees. Cryopilling noticeably brightens the skin and reduces age spots. With prolonged exposure, it can cause the death and death of inflamed cells, and with short-term exposure it causes narrowing and subsequent expansion of pores and microcapillaries.

There are certain skin problems, in the presence of which you can safely start looking for the site of the nearest cosmetology.

• Acne at various stages of the appearance and healing, as well as scars from past rashes. Frequent rash of pimples on the face both during menstruation and during their absence.
• Comedones, which appear as a result of blockage of the mouth of the hair follicle due to pollution and ingrown hairs. Often this procedure is also offered for men who, due to daily shaving, are more prone to comedones.
• Increased sebum secretion of the skin, manifested by a greasy shine and a feeling of an oily film on the face. Its excess accumulates in the enlarged pores and is compressed into a real cork, which does not allow the skin to receive oxygen.
• Expanded pores and black spots resulting from contamination of these pores.
• Dull and wilted skin, earthy complexion.
• Reduced skin turgor. Turgor is the tone of the skin, its internal pressure and the stressed state of the membranes.

Even if all indications for the procedure are available, there is a list of contraindications that will make it impossible to carry it out.

• The procedure is not recommended for pregnant women and women who are breastfeeding. Chemically active substances, falling on the skin and blood, can cause harm to the fetus or newborn baby who is breast milk. But also according to customer reviews of cosmetic clinics in some women, skin sensitivity during menstruation can increase, which can increase the period of skin recovery after the procedure.
• It is forbidden to carry out cosmetic procedures for epilepsy and severe mental disorders in order to avoid provocation of attacks. Children under 14 years of age are strongly discouraged from carrying out facial cleansing; daily hygiene procedures are sufficient. Young skin has thinner protection, so a child can get a chemical burn or mechanical injury to the face.
• Hardware facial cleansing is not recommended for people with diabetes, severe hypertension and bronchial disease. Various effects of cold, current and chemical compounds can enhance the course of the disease. And also it is worth considering the necessity of the procedure for acute colds and exacerbations of various inflammations.
• Herpes, psoriasis and eczema should be preliminarily cured, and then eliminate the consequences using cosmetology.

Separately, special contraindications for manual face cleansing should be noted:

• hypertension;
• any lung disease;
• hypersensitive or very dry skin;
• high fragility of blood vessels.

In addition, cosmetologists recommend focusing only on gentle methods of exposure to the skin during periods of extreme summer heat or winter cold. It is not recommended to carry out the procedure before visiting climatic zones that are different in atmospheric pressure and humidity from the usual ones.

Since face cleansing is a stressful situation for the skin, it is necessary to properly prepare it.

Preparation at home includes three stages and takes quite a long time.

• Preliminary cleaning. Makeup, dust and dirt must be removed. To do this, you can use various tonics and lotions, as well as ordinary soap. Some people prefer to wash off shadows and pencils with a soft sponge or washcloth, while others use special make-up remover wipes. One of the latest face cleansers is micellar water. It does not require rinsing and maintains a hydrolipidic balance.
• At the second stage, it is necessary to remove the upper layer of the epidermis, consisting of "dead" cells. To do this, you can use any scrub from the store or cooked yourself. A coffee scrub or sea salt scrub will cleanse your skin well. A milder cleaning can be achieved with berry scrub or a hard washcloth. The harder and larger the particles of the mixture, the stronger the exfoliation will be.

• The third stage is steaming the face to clean the pores. This is done with the help of a steam bath, in which you can add various soothing and antibacterial oils and herbs. In a deep bowl, pour boiling water and let it cool slightly for a couple of minutes. The steam should be noticeably hot, but not burn the nasopharynx and facial skin. Once the steam has cooled to the desired temperature, you can add the necessary ingredients and bend over the steam, covering your head with a large towel or coverlet. The procedure lasts about 10-15 minutes, after which you need to waste no time to proceed with the mechanical cleaning itself. If during the time the skin is steamed, it was not possible to carry out cleaning, you can repeat the third stage, reheating the water.

Preparation of skin for salon cleaning is included in the price of the procedure and is performed by the cosmetologist himself. The client or the client does not need to pre-steam the face at home and even remove makeup.

To consolidate the effect of the salon procedure, you can start daily preliminary preparation yourself in 2-3 days.

• Before doing anything with the skin of the client, the specialist must sanitize all the tools and nozzles for the devices. After disinfection, the beautician thoroughly washes his hands and puts on disposable hygiene gloves.
• The first step is also make-up removal and cleaning of the skin from dirt and dust using a special gel or cream that dissolves the remains of mascara, foundation and other cosmetics. Additionally, you can apply a cleansing mask to your face.
• The upper layer of dead cells is removed by peeling or light acid, applied to the face for just a couple of minutes.
• The third stage is the expansion of the pores either with hot steam or with the help of a steaming gel. Such a gel when applied to the face reacts with the skin and heats it, expanding the pores. But also the choice can be expanded with various water compresses and masks. And with rosacea salons offer an additional service - hydrogenation with cold liquid.

In general, there are no big differences between home and salon preparation. The latter is carried out faster and more thoroughly through the use of professional equipment and auxiliary cosmetic compositions.

After steaming the skin under the veil, you can proceed to direct face cleansing.Mechanical cleaning is carried out with clean hands or tools treated with peroxide or alcohol. Cleaning is done with gentle, gentle movements of the fingertips. You can not put pressure on the steamed face or pick it with your nails, this can lead to the appearance of noticeable scars.

Chemical purification at home is carried out using purchased products or formulations prepared by hand. You can mix masks from flour with soda, masks from clay, activated carbon and succinic acid - the main thing is to choose exactly those components that are suitable for the type of skin. All facial cleansing at home should not exceed 15-20 minutes in time, since after this the skin has cooled down and the pores will close.

Salon cleaning can vary significantly depending on its type.

• Vacuum galvanic. With this cleaning, the face is first treated with a device that acts on the deep layers of the epidermis with a low-frequency current. This will allow the pores to open more and simplify the exit of sebaceous plugs. After the current, the face is treated with a vacuum nozzle, which will draw in all the dirt, while massaging the skin and reducing wrinkles. Then, all dead cells are removed by chemical peeling and a greasy nourishing mask is applied, which will soothe the skin and prevent the occurrence of inflammation. Both peeling and mask should be selected depending on the type of skin and individual allergies. After the procedure, a skin-tightening cream or powder can be applied to the face.
• Mechanical Mechanical cleaning begins with a face treatment with alcohol-free lotion or hydrogen peroxide, after which all closed comedones are carefully pierced with a Vidal needle. After that, the other end of the needle, on which the loop is located, is applied to the skin so that the comedone is in the hole. The beautician presses the loop on the skin and squeezes the sebaceous plug, which may be liquid or thick, out. The cleaned area is treated with any antiseptic: alcohol, peroxide or miramistin. Instead of a Vidal loop, a Uno spoon or special tweezers can be used. After the procedure, a mask with an anti-inflammatory and soothing effect is applied to the face.

• Chemical. A chemical cleaning session begins with a light peeling, for which a mask containing fruit acid is applied. After washing off, the procedure is repeated, but using a more concentrated acid solution. This is done in order to first remove the dead skin, and then remove the sebaceous plugs. After acidic, an enzymatic peeling of protein serum is applied to the face, which cleanses the deep layers of the epidermis. The next step is to disinfect the face with herbal lotion, which forms a thin protective film on the skin. A soothing mask or cream is applied on top, narrowing the pores and preventing inflammation.
• Laser The beautician and patient put on safety glasses, after which the laser tunes to the desired frequency. The device is found on the skin for about 20-30 minutes, removing all impurities and dead tissue particles. There is no pain during the procedure, and the effect of its implementation lasts for several months. After cleaning, a moisturizing and nourishing cream is applied to the face.

• Ultrasonic A special gel with mineral water or a tonic is applied to the face, after which the skin is treated with a device that emits ultrasound waves. Additionally, the skin is massaged with a special nozzle, which allows the skin to receive additional oxygen saturation. Owners of oily skin will need 2-3 sessions per month, and for dry and normal one is enough. After the procedure, a calming and nourishing mask should be applied to the face.

Regardless of whether the face was cleaned at home or salon devices were used, the skin will need special subsequent care. The stronger and deeper the effect on the epidermis was, the longer and more careful should be the subsequent care for it. After mechanical or ultrasonic cleaning, at least a week, do not apply scrubs on the face and do not rub it with various brushes. A couple of days is better to avoid long walks in the open air, so it is best to do such procedures on the weekend or on vacation. It is forbidden to go to the pool and sauna for at least a week so that high temperatures and chlorinated water do not cause an allergic reaction. After laser and vacuum cleaning, it is not recommended to use sunscreens or sunblocks for several days. The first week is strictly forbidden to visit the solarium. A strong dry cleaning increases all of the above restrictions at least twice.

After any kind of salon procedures, it is recommended to change the hygiene procedures. For washing, it is best to use mineral or melt water. An excellent solution would be nourishing and moisturizing masks of light exposure, purchased in the store or prepared independently.

A qualified salon specialist will help you choose and carry out any cleaning, select the appropriate tools and draw up a schedule of procedures. The high price of services does not always guarantee high quality, but most often professionals are expensive. It’s best to choose “your” doctor not by reviews on the Internet, which are easy to fabricate, but based on the actual experience of friends and acquaintances. If the first procedure inspires concern, it is worth stopping at a cheaper and easier cleaning to make sure the professionalism of the staff.

Those who decide to abandon hardware cleansing and prefer to do the procedure with their own hands, need not only time and patience, but also minimal knowledge about the effect on the skin of certain means. No matter how effective the mask, according to a colleague or sister, you should not buy it on the same day. First you need to study the composition and properties in order to understand whether it is suitable for a certain age or type of skin.

It is also very important to know substances that may or have already caused an allergic reaction. If one of them occurs for the first time, it is best to check the product on a small hidden area of ​​the skin, and not apply it immediately to the entire surface of the face.

Many different cosmetics that have an amazing effect on skin condition, can be prepared at home from the remnants of ordinary foods.

• Coffee. For scrubs, coffee beans ground with different nozzles are perfect. Larger particles exfoliate the skin stronger, while smaller ones gently act on it. Caffeine is an excellent antioxidant that tones and improves blood circulation. In order for the scrub with coffee grounds to be convenient to use, it must be mixed with thick milk for washing or ordinary sour cream.
• Cereals. Soft cleaning and excellent lifting effect are provided by ordinary oatmeal. It contains B vitamins, amino acids and various trace elements that nourish and nourish the skin. Flakes must be chopped in a blender and added to the pureed berries of strawberries, raspberries or currants. The gruel is applied to the face in the form of a mask and washed off with gentle massaging movements.

• Gelatin and activated carbon. The predecessor of today's famous “black mask” was the usual mixture of two tablespoons of gelatin with three tablets of activated carbon and 100 ml of hot water.The mixture is thoroughly mixed until the gelatin is completely dissolved and applied to the T-zone. It is necessary to hold such a mask on the face for at least 15-20 minutes before solidification, after which it can be removed as a film by pulling from one edge.
• Clay. For home face cleansing, ordinary colored clay masks, which are sold both in cosmetic stores and in pharmacies, are perfect. White clay helps to reduce skin pigmentation, black clay cleanses and soothes irritated skin. To get the finished mask, just add warm water to the powder in the proportion indicated on the package. However, to enhance the effect, you can use various additional ingredients instead of water or with it. For sensitive and overdried skin, sour cream and vegetable oils (sunflower, olive, avocado oil) are perfect. Owners of oily skin are suitable additives in the form of soda or sea salt. Age skin loves the nourishing macadamia oil or olive oil.

In addition to the above, you can find a huge number of different recipes, including chamomile, kefir and milk, honey, aspirin tablets, various berries and fruits. An exceptional therapeutic effect is possessed by a mask, which includes a body weight. Due to it, deep cleansing has practically no consequences in the form of irritation and redness. You can add tea tree oil to hot water for steaming your face, which reduces the likelihood of acne. Coniferous wood oil will provide an additional therapeutic effect for the respiratory tract, and lemon, orange or grapefruit oils will cheer you up and help reduce excessive appetite.

The most common mistakes during home cleaning are the following:

• face cleaning is carried out, despite contraindications;
• after heating, the water is not allowed to cool, and the dermis gets burned with steam;
• attempts to scrub the skin of the lower and upper eyelids;
• attempts to squeeze out deep contamination of the nasolabial triangle;
• applying makeup immediately after the procedure.

In skin care, it is important to pay attention not only to her appearance, but also to the state of her health. A healthy skin does not exist in sick people, therefore, to achieve a result, it is necessary first of all to lead a correct lifestyle and minimize stress in the family and at work. More gentle options give a short-term effect, and deep cleansing lasts longer, but has a stronger effect on the skin, and it costs an order of magnitude higher.

For how to clean your face from black spots and acne, see the next video.