What mushrooms grow in the Crimea?

Crimea is rich in vegetation, and not only berries, but also mushrooms grow in large numbers on its territory. However, in order not to get to the hospital, you need to clearly know which ones should be eaten, and which ones should not.

Throughout the Crimea there are places where mushrooms grow in large numbers, and lovers of "quiet hunting" always know when to go to the forest. The mushroom world of the peninsula has several tens of thousands of plants, but growing them at home is a complex process, since it is necessary to create unique conditions and prepare a special soil.

In nature, porcini mushrooms and butterflies appear here and there, only have to rise higher, about 1.5 thousand meters above sea level. The best places to gather: sloping mountain surfaces, small edges where the sun shines most of the day. Most mushroom pickers can be found on the western slope of the Crimean mountains. This, first of all, Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla and its famous peaks. There are several types of mushrooms on Mount Demerdzhi.

You should definitely go to the village of Luchistoe, which is located near Alushta. In good years, you can stumble upon a large mushroom glade. Hides numerous mushroom places and the forest of Sevastopol.

In addition, you can fill the basket with mushrooms near the Old Crimea and Feodosia. It is also worth a try and some nearby lakes. Mushroom pickers love to be on the banks of Donuzlav and Sasyk. A large number of "mice" grows in the district of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory and near the village of Kolchugino. If you want to collect butter, then you should go to Stroganovka or Zelenogorsk.

Redheads are also actively gathering mushroom pickers, they grow whole clearings near Rybachy. In Marble, mushroom pickers go to pick chanterelles.

In Crimea, the first spring mushrooms can be harvested with the arrival of heat. But during this period, the harvest is not too large, summer and autumn are considered the best seasons. Most young fungi appear on the surface after a light rain, but not immediately, but after a couple of days. If you wait and postpone the trip to the forest for four days, you can fill the baskets with plenty.

Ginger and butterfish delight mushroom pickers in the summer. Also in the forests and on the fringes of the Crimea you can find russula, porcini mushrooms and honey agarics. Here plants grow less well-known to some mushroom pickers:

• slingshots;
• single barrels;
• sparse;
• moss shoes.

There are a lot of champignons, which cannot but please with their dimensions. Those who are lucky will be able to find brown boletus and boletus, however, they do not grow directly under the trees, but separately from them, in forests with conifers.

Autumn harvest can be harvested until October. There are mushrooms that collect right up to the frost. As a rule, this is “mouse” and honey mushroom. By mid-autumn it’s less common, but still you can find belated chanterelles in the forests, sometimes oil can be found in a mushroom picker basket. Slingshots and mushrooms give a rich harvest in early autumn.

On the territory of Crimea, there are steppe mushrooms that grow on the edges of the mountains and in forests, most importantly, to know when to go in search. There are rare specimens that are characteristic only for this region, as well as well-known mushrooms, such as ceps, butter, chanterelles.

Sarcosomes, which are also found on the peninsula, although considered useful, are still inedible.

This plant has several names. On the territory of the peninsula it is also called the "giant pig." Among the locals you can find the name "giant talker". Mushroom grows on the territory of forests, because the soil is most suitable there. Mushroom pickers collect it for several months. With a sufficient amount of rain, the mushroom grows both in summer and early fall.

White fungus grows in small groups, so if one is visible, then there is still nearby. It is not difficult to see the plant among the foliage, since it stands out against the general background with a white color. Sometimes the hat is not completely white, but has a pleasant cream shade. As a rule, pure-white mushrooms are young, they have a smooth hat, under it there are jumpers. They have thick, fleshy legs, but not too long, a maximum of 8 centimeters in adulthood. Sometimes on the leg there are villi, which are located closer to the hat. At the bottom of the legs you can see a slight thickening.

If the mushroom is broken, then you can see that its flesh is the same white or cream. Even raw, porcini mushroom has a pleasant aroma. Sometimes adult plants have a slightly bitter taste, it is better to dry. More nutrients are found in young porcini mushrooms. They contain clitocybin, an antibiotic that works against tubercle bacillus.

The mushroom picker should be careful, since it is not difficult to confuse this mushroom with others that also grow in the territory of Crimea. A lot of similarities can be traced to smoky talker, which is also edible and has excellent taste. It is bad when the white mountain mushroom is confused with poisonous gall. If the mushroom picker has come across a whole clearing, you need to look more closely at whether it is a “witch ring”.

The described mushroom is prepared by various methods: boil, stew, fry and salt. It has a short shelf life; after collection, it will be necessary to rinse the product and leave it in cold salt water for a while.

“Mice” can also be eaten, several species grow in the Crimea. The main place of growth is coniferous or mixed forest. You can find mushrooms on moss or sand. Mushrooms grow both individually and in small groups. Mushroom pickers go to the camp in September, and the harvest itself lasts until mid-autumn. To collect a lot of mushrooms of this species, it is worth going to the village of Kolchugino, it is in its vicinity that there are most of them. You can find them near the astrophysical laboratory.

In young mushrooms, the hat has a pointed shape, and the edges are slightly wrapped. Hat size - up to 100 mm. When the plant matures, the hat becomes flat, uneven. It is quite fleshy, there are small cracks. In the center it is difficult not to notice the tubercle, there are plates below, but they are located far from each other.

The color of the mushrooms can be either light or dark gray. If it has recently rained, then a little mucus forms on the surface of the plant, so the hat seems sticky. Leg up to 12 cm long, to the base it is thicker and denser. If it is an adult mushroom, then voids form inside. The shade of the legs is yellow, sometimes gray.

You can distinguish the mushroom by the plaque, which is available near the cap. The pulp, although dense, but the "mouse" easily break even with slight pressure. Mushrooms are boiled, pickled, salted. They can be fried, but only after preliminary cooking. There is no better complement to the second course.

Chanterelles are one of the most popular edible mushrooms. They are orange, yellow or white, fleshy and funnel-shaped. On the lower surface, under a smooth hat, most species have gill ridges that almost completely descend to the peduncle. Many species have a fruity aroma reminiscent of apricot, and often have a slightly pepper taste.

Due to their mycorrhizal connection with trees, you can find chanterelles on the ground, next to deciduous trees. These are summer and autumn mushrooms. They bear fruit from June to September. Caps are usually convex in shape resembling a vase. The stems are smooth, filled, and the same color as the hat.

Mushrooms contain vitamin C, as well as a large amount of carotene, which caused the appearance of an orange-yellow color. The ability to recognize false gills is one of the most useful skills for a mushroom picker. They are represented by bifurcated folds on the underside of the fungus.

These mushrooms can be found in the forests of Crimea from the end of summer to November. They very rarely grow alone, often form small glades. They like to parasitize under trees, and on large, old stumps. They prefer moist soil, so they appear in large numbers after rain.

If this is a young plant, then its hat should be concave down. When the mushroom grows, it gradually levels out and finally becomes completely flat. The size of an adult mushroom can reach 150 mm in diameter.

The hue of the whole mushroom is honey, there are small scales or even fluff. Under the hat you can see a small ring of thin film. You need to be able to distinguish autumn mushrooms from gray-yellow false ones that are not suitable for food. The spores of such mushrooms are dark, and those of edible ones are white, and there is no bitter earthy aroma.

If you want to gain a lot of oil, then you should go to the Belgorod region of the peninsula. Oil mushrooms grow in large numbers:

• in the village of Zelenogorsk;
• Strogonovke;
• on Ai-Petri.

Mushrooms grow from June to mid-autumn. Oilfoods prefer areas with a lot of light, so they can be found on the edges of the meadows. Such mushrooms are loved not only by people, but also by insects, therefore young butterflies are often eaten by them.

The advantage of the fungus is that confusing it with others is quite difficult. The hat is fleshy, soft, as if oiled. In appearance, these mushrooms are slippery, the color is brown or light brown. The shape of the cap is a small hemisphere, and the older the mushroom, the more the edges rise. If necessary, the skin is separated from the pulp very simply, under it there are tubes with yellow pores. Despite the massiveness of the upper part, the lower leg is thin, its length can reach 100 mm.

You can’t store the oil for a long time, they are cooked immediately after collection. There are many worms in the pulp, in order to release the mushroom, it is worth soaking it for half an hour or an hour in salted water.

Mushrooms, although they are found in large numbers in the mixed forests of Crimea, are rarely collected by mushroom pickers, since they are difficult to cook. The collection season begins in mid-summer and continues until the beginning of autumn. Most of the breasts appear after heavy rain.

Several species grow on the peninsula:

• oak;
• dry
• pepper.

The plant is distinguished by its red color and lamellar structure. There are brown stripes on the hat, on the legs there are small pits of a yellow hue. The older the mushroom, the lower the density of the legs.

Pepper mushroom has a funnel-shaped cap, is white. There may be juice on the plates that tastes bitter. The plant has a narrow and short leg.

The dry lump is white, but there are brown spots on the hat. The plates are blue, if you break the mushroom, the juice will not stand out.

In July, numerous mushroom pickers go for these mushrooms to the forests of the peninsula. The main place of growth is the area under the trees. Ginger does not grow alone, only in small groups. Behind such mushrooms it is worth going to the south coast.

You can distinguish them by the orange hat, whose area is 12 centimeters. If you turn the mushroom, then there will be visible plates of a red hue. If you press them, they will change their color to green. The legs can reach a thickness of 2 centimeters, on their surface there are small recesses. Mushrooms are valued for their fragrant flesh, which is slightly sweet.

These are one of those mushrooms that cannot be poisoned, but during the collection it will be necessary to check the flesh, which must be white. On the territory of Crimea there are two types of raincoats:

• pear-shaped;
• gigantic.

The giant raincoat has a white, round body, which changes its color to yellow with age. The maximum height is 340 mm. The pear-shaped raincoat is therefore named because it has a pear-shaped body. There are small tubercles on the skin, the surface is rough. These mushrooms are very fond of rotten wood, only young specimens can be eaten.

This unusual steppe mushroom is described as belonging to the oyster mushroom family. The season is very long, mushroom pickers plant from spring to autumn, but in summer it is difficult to find, because in the heat, when the soil is too dry, the one-barrel does not grow.

If there is a lot of rain, then in the forests you can find a sufficient number of mushrooms. Single barrels are found near farms, they grow even along roads and in ravines, especially a lot of them at the mouths of rivers and streams.

Indeed, truffle grows on the peninsula, the harvest season is from August to January. These mushrooms are valued for their unique flavor. Their growth requires a humid climate, so truffles can only be found on the territory of the foothills and southern coast. In Crimea, the mushroom grows under a coniferous pillow in young pine trees.

It is important to be able to distinguish poisonous mushrooms, since their consumption in food leads to poisoning, and even death. There are similar specimens on the territory of Crimea; among them one can find such familiar names as Amanita, pale grebe and false mushrooms.

Dangerous mushrooms that attract with their appearance, but are not suitable for eating.In some European countries, mushroom caps are crushed and placed in saucers with milk to attract house flies. Insects drink a liquid that contains toxins that can dissolve in water, and therefore in milk. After some time, the flies become sleepy, fall and die. Hence the name of the mushroom.

When fly agaric mushrooms first appear in forest litter, young fruiting bodies are completely covered with pointed white warts. As the hat expands, it turns red. It grows until it finally shows red skin, while white warts are distributed on the surface more or less evenly.

Heavy rain or even contact with animals is sometimes enough to cause some or all of the white flakes from the fly agaric hat to fall off, so smooth mushrooms are also found in the forest.

These doubles of the edible mushroom also grow on stumps, in large groups, but there is a difference between them, and you need to know about it so as not to get poisoned. The color of the poisonous specimen is very similar to the color of the summer mushroom, but the shade of the inedible plant's plates is gray. Such a mushroom will not grow on stumps from a deciduous tree. After much research, the seroplate honey agaric was found to be half edible, most importantly, it was cooked for a long time.

But gray-yellow can not be eaten at all. Such a mushroom smells unpleasant, has a bitter taste. You can distinguish it by external signs. For example, he doesn’t have a ring on his leg; under the hat of the plate there can be the following shades:

• olive black;
• gray
• yellow green.

The brightness of the hat should scare away the mushroom picker, since the real honey agaric will be brown.

Pale grebes are found throughout the Crimea. When they are still young, their body is like an egg, on top of which it was as if a film was pulled. The hat can reach a diameter of 15 centimeters, a shade of green, closer to olive, sometimes light gray. If you break the mushroom, its flesh will smell good, it is white, but it will not change color. The first ring is wide, there is a fringe inside, but only among young grebes.

When comparing specimens, one must not forget that the wild champignon does not have a Volvo under the hat, and that in adult mushrooms the plates will have a different shade. The russula also lacks a ring, its flesh is very brittle, it crumbles directly in the hands.

Experienced mushroom pickers give their advice on how to properly collect edible specimens and not get poisoned. Consider these recommendations in more detail.

• If the plant is unfamiliar, then it is better to skip it. Only mushrooms that are well known are worth collecting.
• Inexperienced mushroom pickers should seek the support of more professional "hunters" and not go alone to the forest.
• You need to look for "prey" in those areas that have long been known to local residents, otherwise you can stay with an empty basket.
• Any inedible species of mushrooms is dangerous for humans, and even if you boil it for hours, you can still get severe poisoning.
• A Caesar Amanita is listed in the Red Book, it is not worth touching.

See more information about mushrooms in Crimea in the next video.