Features of the Uzbek national costume
The national clothes of the people of Uzbekistan surprisingly combine features common to all eastern peoples and have their own individual and unique features.
Although over time, the Uzbek national costume has undergone modifications, in its modern form, it has retained all the richness of the cultural traditions of Eastern people and the historical connection, rooted deep in antiquity.
A distinctive feature of the Uzbek costume was and remains a skillful gold embroidery. Such outfits are characteristic of wealthy people. The national Uzbek gowns embroidered in gold, which the ruler gave to his close associates, and also received such gifts in return, were popular.
For gold embroidery, only noble materials, such as silk and velvet, were used. Patterns were embroidered mainly on floral themes, and a geometric ornament in gold-embroidered dresses was rarely found.
With the help of embroidery, not only clothes were decorated with gold thread, but also hats and shoes. Currently, men's wedding attire in Uzbekistan is traditionally necessarily decorated with brocade with gold or silver.
The color scheme of the national Uzbek costume is quite wide. Residents of different regions of the country have their own color preferences, however, Uzbeks do not like dark clothes, because they believe that it can attract disaster.
The status of husbands could be judged by the colors of the women's outfit.Wealthy Uzbeks dressed their wives in blue or purple outfits, the wives of artisans wore green clothes.
Another characteristic feature of Uzbek traditional dresses is the choice of rich fabrics for sewing - velvet and velveteen.
But the cut in costumes, on the contrary, is very simple and the same for male and female models. It is based on even pieces of fabric, which in some deaf settlements were not even cut out, but simply torn off in a straight thread.
Men's national costumes in Uzbekistan
The traditional items of men's wardrobe in Uzbekistan have always been shirts of different styles and robes, which were tied with belts. At the bottom, Uzbeks wear leather pants and boots. The head in Uzbekistan must be covered not only by women, but also by men, which is associated with the Islamic religion.
In men, a turban or skullcap is used for these purposes.
clothing
The shirt for everyday wear is called kuylak. Initially, such a shirt was long and was below the knees, but later the style changed, and the shirt became a standard length. The neck style had two interpretations: in the first case, the shirt had a vertical section to which the collar was sewn; in the second case, there was a horizontal section in the collar area reaching to the shoulders.
Pants called ishton were completely devoid of additional decorative and functional elements. The length of such pants, reminiscent of harem pants, reached the ankles.
A man’s bathrobe is called a chapan and has a single style for all ages and statuses, which has not changed for a long time. For different seasons of the year, there are different varieties of a bathrobe - a thin summer bathrobe, a bathrobe with lining for the off-season and warm cotton bathrobes for the cold season. On the sides of the robe there are vertical cuts for ease of movement.
As decorative elements, braid and fabric of a different color are used, which are sewn along the edges of the robe and on the sleeves. To fasten the robe there are ties. A sash is used as a belt in national Uzbek men's suits. It is a cotton or silk scarf folded into a triangle.
The color of the sash, which has the name belbog, was always chosen in bright and contrasting shades so that it stood out on the man’s robe.
Headdress
As a headdress, men in Uzbekistan traditionally wear a kulokh or a duppy skullcap. The most popular among all skullcaps is the headdress of the inhabitants of the Ferghana Valley. Its distinctive feature is an interesting floral ornament embroidered with white threads on a black background.
Today in Uzbekistan velvet or cotton skullcaps in blue, black and dark green are in great demand.
Traditional uzbek clothes for women and girls
Women's national costume in Uzbekistan consists of a dress, harem pants, a dressing gown, as in men, and a headdress. In addition, Uzbek girls and women adorn themselves with gold and silver jewelry. Traditional kashgar-boldak earrings and cupola earrings, rings and bracelets are made in an exquisite oriental style. Coral beads or a necklace of coins are put on a woman’s neck.
Another decoration of Uzbek beauties from ancient times are headbands.
clothing
Dresses from the national costume in Uzbekistan called kuylak are similar to a tunic with straight long sleeves and almost to the length of. Only by the beginning of the last century there was a slight variety in the styles of dresses: cuffs could be on the sleeves or the collar could be made with a little stitch. For tailoring this part of the costume, noble silk and satin are traditionally used.
Women's harem pants have been a mandatory part of the wardrobe for a girl almost from birth. As in the male version, the pants are wide at the top and taper towards the bottom. The bottom of the trouser leg is adorned with braid tape.
In the female version of the national costume, there are slightly more varieties of outerwear than in men. So women can wear bathrobes of the same cut as the male chapan.
Long and fitted robes called rumcha were common in some areas of Uzbekistan. Uzbek women also wear Mursaki - something between a tunic and a bathrobe. Mursak is usually sewn on a warm lining for cold times, up to five feet long and has a cut with a smell.
Less than two hundred years ago, fitted robes with shortened and narrowed sleeves called camisor came into use. At the same time, sleeveless nimchas became popular clothing among Uzbek women.
Headdress
As a headdress, women in Uzbekistan use a scarf. A common occurrence in traditional culture is two headscarves worn on the head at once. One of them is tied on the forehead, while the other is covered. the head
In the 19th century, a women's headdress was complex and multi-layered - first a handkerchief was put on, which had a hole for the face, then a handkerchief was tied to the forehead, and a turban was built on top. Women from noble families wore scarves decorated with gold or silver. At the beginning of the last century, traditional Uzbek skullcaps with embroidery in silk or gold received a wide resonance.
When a woman went outside, she definitely had to put on a robe on her head to hide the beauty of her body from prying eyes. Later, the dressing gown changed and turned into a burqa. The sleeves of this dressing gown were simply simply removed back at first, and later they were completely sewn together.
An obligatory attribute to the burqa was the Chavchan - a net woven from horsehair, which is designed to cover the woman's face. Burqa and Chavchans were mandatory elements of women's clothing in Muslim countries for all women and girls, starting at the age of nine. However, in Uzbekistan, this wardrobe item was common only in cities, and not everywhere. And with the advent of Soviet power, the burqa at all began to gradually come out of the routine of Uzbek beauties.
The role of the national costume today
In the modern world, the clothes of the inhabitants of Uzbekistan are quite diverse. Urban residents and some natives of the village, especially for educated youth, prefer to wear modern European clothes. However, Uzbeks also strive to bring some touch to the details characteristic of their country - in modern clothes - girls use traditional jewelry, young people can wear skullcaps.
The elderly honor the traditions and wear the outfits of their people, especially those who do not live in the city. However, at events such as a wedding or a national holiday, a costume is still an obligatory attribute, which speaks of the rich traditions of the Uzbek people, which these people respect.
