The variety of cosmetics on sale is very large, and every year more and more new products appear. But the main functions of cosmetics remain unchanged. We will tell about them, and also list the main types and types of cosmetic products.
Main types
Cosmetics are products intended for face and body care, they resort to its help and in order to decorate their appearance - to emphasize advantages and hide minor imperfections. All types of cosmetics are classified into two main types:
- caring;
- decorative.
The first type includes products used to cleanse, moisturize and nourish the skin, as well as cosmetic products for hair and oral care. Caring cosmetics include products that help eliminate individual skin imperfections.
Sometimes drugs that have not only a care function, but also a therapeutic effect, belong to a separate category, which is called cosmeceuticals. Such goods are sold in pharmacies.
Categories
By the method of production, cosmetics can be:
- factory;
- made by hand.
All types of cosmetics can be made with the expectation of different categories of customers. There are funds:
- for an ordinary consumer;
- for professional use.
The second group of cosmetic products is used in their work by cosmetologists and aesthetists. In the line of professional cosmetics, home care products may also be present, but they should be bought only after a face-to-face consultation with a specialist who can accurately determine the condition of the client’s skin and hair, tell about the specifics of the action of cosmetic products.
Cosmetics for the general consumer are represented by products in different price ranges. Usually distinguish categories such as:
- Economy class;
- middle market (average price level);
- Suite
The classification of cosmetic products by the method of its implementation is possible. Sales may be through:
- pharmacies;
- specialized stores, departments and other retail outlets;
- online stores;
- direct sales, i.e. MLM or network marketing;
- department stores.
Different lines of cosmetics
You can also classify cosmetics by the presence or absence of any ingredients in them. Such a division will be based on the information that manufacturers give about their cosmetic products. For example, cosmetics can be:
- natural (containing natural components);
- mineral (including only natural minerals);
- organic (only with specially selected components of plant origin);
- hypoallergenic (not containing ingredients that provoke allergic reactions);
- with hyaluronic acid;
- with Dead Sea minerals;
- with phytohormones;
- Ayurvedic (consists only of the components listed in Ayurveda recipes);
- oxygen (contains substances that can deliver oxygen to the skin);
- collagen and others.
In this case, the list can be continued for a long time, since each manufacturer, one way or another, seeks to launch a unique product on the market.
There are products created for specific groups of people. It can be cosmetics:
- for children;
- for men;
- for women;
- for pregnant.
Caring for cosmetics happens:
- for body;
- for face;
- for face and body;
- for the eyelids;
- for lips;
- for hands;
- for cuticle;
- for neck and décolleté;
- for hair;
- for eyebrows and eyelashes;
- for legs;
- and so on.
And also distinguish lines of cosmetics designed to solve certain problems. This is cosmetics:
- for problem skin;
- anti-aging;
- anti-cellulite;
- to protect from the sun;
- after tanning;
- for depilation;
- for protection against biting insects (repellents);
- to protect the skin from external factors;
- from dandruff;
- against hair loss;
- another.
Caring
Cosmetics for face, body and hair care are represented by such types of products as:
- milk / cream to cleanse the face;
- mousses, foams, gels for washing;
- micellar water;
- tonics
- scrubs, gommazhi;
- lotions;
- thermal water;
- cosmetic oil;
- shower gels;
- soap;
- creams and gels of various types;
- serum;
- face masks;
- hygienic lipsticks;
- face and body balms;
- shampoos;
- conditioners, masks and hair balms;
- toothpastes;
- mouthwashes;
- deodorants;
- antiperspirants.
The list is very extensive and is constantly updated with new types of funds. Caring cosmetics performs functions such as:
- cleansing;
- Toning
- hydration;
- food;
- skin and hair protection.
Different cosmetic products can perform one of these functions or combine several.
For washing, cleansing and removing makeup
The type of caring cosmetic product is selected depending on the type of skin, this also applies to cleansers. So, for washing with oily or problematic (with acne) facial skin, specialized mousses or gels are recommended. Such products contain ingredients that help cleanse the skin and relieve inflammation, such as the essential oils indicated for problematic skin. For normal and combination skin, cleansers are also available in the form of gels, mousses, foams or foaming creams. For sensitive skin recommended washing with foams, which do not contain fragrances and which include substances with a calming and softening effect, for example, chamomile or allantoin.
Some have a cleansing effect. face masks. Such masks for oily skin often contain clay.
For cleansing dry and sensitive skin cosmetic cream or lotion. These products combine the functions of cleansing and moisturizing.Cosmetic cream (or milk) is left on the face for several minutes, then washed off with water or removed with a cotton pad or napkin (here you should proceed in accordance with the instructions on the label). They also produce special cosmetic milk for removing makeup.
And also for make-up remover can be used micellar water, which is considered the mildest cleanser. For preliminary skin cleansing and makeup removal hydrophilic oil, after washing off which it is usually recommended to continue washing with another habitual remedy (here you should take into account the manufacturer’s advice).
At the end of the facial cleansing procedure, use tonics - water-based products containing moisturizing ingredients. Tonics are used to restore the pH balance of the skin, which is often disturbed as a result of exposure to water and cleansers.
For deep cleansing
Scrubs and gommages are used to deeply cleanse the skin and remove impurities. They are needed for peeling - the so-called cosmetic procedure for exfoliating keratinized skin cells. Scrubs contain small abrasive particles and belong to the mechanical type of peeling. They can be used with normal or oily skin without inflammation.
Gommazhas come in many forms - both with soluble abrasive substances such as sugar, and with enzymes and special acids (salicylic, fruit).
Gommages are considered a milder means of exfoliation and are suitable for sensitive and dry skin, as well as for more frequent use than scrubs.
Moisturizing, nutrition, protection
Focusing on the type of skin, one should choose not only means for washing and cleansing, but also other cosmetic products that serve to moisturize, nourish and protect the skin (creams, gels, face masks, balms, cosmetic oils). Hair care products are selected according to the type of hair.
For example, lotions are most often designed to care for oily or problem skin. They often include alcohol and various components with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory effects. Creams for oily skin have a lighter texture, often available with a matting effect. The composition of creams for dry skin include more oils.
Face creams are also selected taking into account the time of day at which they will be used (there are day and night), in addition, the seasonal factor should be taken into account: lighter creams or gel-based products are suitable for the summer, and greasy creams for the winter.
To relieve irritation and inflammation, thermal water is used, which is also selected according to the type of skin.
Decorative
Decorative cosmetics is represented by a wide arsenal of products. Among them, means to even out skin tone and mask its minor imperfections. It:
- concealer;
- powder;
- corrector;
- concealer.
It is generally accepted that proofreaders are used for spotting acne and other similar skin defects on places, and this is done before using foundation. Concealers are used after foundation to hide circles under the eyes, but in each case, the specifics of using concealers or concealers is determined by the recommendations of the manufacturers.
Primer - the foundation for makeup - is used to increase the lasting stability and more even distribution of it on the skin.
To "sculpt" a person, adjust the shape, give it a fresh look are used:
- blush
- highlighters.
For eye makeup are:
- eyeliner (liquid, in the form of a pencil or in the form of a felt-tip pen);
- ink;
- shadows;
- sparkles.
Mascara, eyeliner, eye shadow and sparkles for eyes can emphasize the depth of the look, make it more expressive.
For lip makeup are used:
- a primer;
- pomade;
- shine;
- pencil.
Lipstick - one of the most popular cosmetic products for women. Many people prefer to focus on makeup specifically on the lips. In addition, changing lipstick allows you to quickly and without much hassle change, appear in a new look, as a result of which the number of those women who use this makeup product only increases year by year.
For eyebrow makeup produce:
- pencils;
- shadows;
- ink;
- markers;
- clear gel.
Eyebrow makeup is an important part of face makeup. Every year, fashion dictates what the shape and density of the eyebrows should be, and this determines the demand for certain cosmetic products.
An overview of types of cosmetics, see the next video.
